Enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zethuluzi lokuphotha lomshini kanye ne-turntable idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwethuluzi lomshini.

I-spindleukuzala

Njengengxenye eyinhloko yethuluzi lomshini, ukusebenza kwe-spindle kuzothinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kokujikeleza, isivinini, ukuqina, ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa, umsindo kanye neminye imingcele yethuluzi lomshini, okuzophinde kuthinte ikhwalithi yokucubungula ye-workpiece, ezifana njengokunemba kobukhulu bengxenye, ukuhwalala komhlaba nezinye izinkomba. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kugcinwe amakhono amahle kakhulu omshini wamathuluzi omshini, ama-bearings asebenza kahle kakhulu kufanele asetshenziswe. Ukunemba kwamabheringi asetshenziswa kuma-spindle amathuluzi omshini kufanele kube yi-ISO P5 noma ngaphezulu (i-P5 noma i-P4 amamaki okunemba e-ISO, ngokuvamile i-P0, i-P6, i-P5, i-P4, i-P2 ukusuka kokuphansi kuye phezulu), kanye namathuluzi omshini we-CNC wesivinini esikhulu, ukukhanda izikhungo, njll. , Usekelo lokuphotha lwamathuluzi omshini wokunemba okuphezulu ludinga ukusebenzisa i-ISO P4 noma ukunemba okungaphezulu; ama-spindle bearings ahlanganisa ama-angular contact ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, nama-cylindrical roller bearings.

1. Ukunembaama-angular amabhola okuxhumana

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezibalulwe ngenhla zama-bearings, ukunemba kwe-angular ball bearings (bheka Umfanekiso 2) yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Sonke siyazi ukuthi izakhi rolling of angular contact ball bear amabhola; ngoba iwukuxhumana kwephuzu (okuhlukile kokuxhumana komugqa wama-roller bearings), inganikeza isivinini esiphezulu, ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okuphansi kanye nokunemba okuphezulu kokujikeleza. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphotha ezinesivinini esikhulu, ama-hybrid bearings anamabhola e-ceramic (imvamisa i-Si3N4 noma i-Al2O3) nawo asetshenziswa. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhola ensimbi enziwe lukhuni ngokugcwele, izici ze-ceramic ball materials endow amabhola e-ceramic anokuqina okuphezulu, isivinini esikhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, nokuphila isikhathi eside, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende aphezulu emikhiqizo ephethe ithuluzi lomshini.

2. Ukunembaama-roller bearings

Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zamathuluzi omshini anemithwalo esindayo kanye nezidingo ezithile zejubane—njengokugaya ama-forging, umshini wokujika izintambo wamapayipi e-petroleum, izinsimbi ezisindayo nemishini yokugaya, njll., ukukhetha ukunemba kwama-roller bearings kuyisixazululo esifanelekile . Ngenxa yokuthi ama-roller we-roller bearing aklanyelwe ukuxhumana nomugqa, anganikeza ukuqina okuphezulu nomthamo wokulayisha we-shaft eyinhloko; ngaphezu kwalokho, i-tapered roller bearing iyi-design ehlanzekile ye-rolling, enganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. I-torque nokushisa ukuqinisekisa isivinini nokunemba kwe-spindle. Njengoba ama-roller ama-tapered bearings angalungisa ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kwe-axial (i-clearance) phakathi nenqubo yokufaka, lokhu kuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi athuthukise kangcono ukulungiswa kwe-bearing clearance phakathi nayo yonke impilo yokuthwala.

3. Ukunemba kwama-roller ama-cylindrical

Ekusetshenzisweni kokuphotha kwethuluzi lomshini, ama-roller angama-cylindrical anembayo anemigqa emibili nawo asetshenziswa, ngokuvamile ahlanganiswe nokunemba kwamabhola okuxhumana angular noma ama-thrust bearings. Lolu hlobo lokuthwala lungamelana nemithwalo emikhulu ye-radial futhi luvumele isivinini esiphezulu. Imigqa emibili yamarola ekuthwaleni ihlelwa ngendlela ephambanayo, futhi imvamisa yokuguquguquka ngesikhathi sokuzungezisa iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yokuthwala irowu elilodwa, futhi i-amplitude iyancipha ngo-60% kuya ku-70%. Lolu hlobo lokuthwala luvamise ukuba nezinhlobo ezimbili: NN30, NN30K amabhere amabili ochungechunge anezimbambo eringini yangaphakathi neringi yangaphandle ehlukanisekayo; I-NNU49, NNU49K amabheringi amabili ochungechunge anezimbambo eringini yangaphandle nendandatho yangaphakathi ehlukanisekayo, phakathi kwayo i-NN30K ne-NNU49K uchungechunge Indandatho yangaphakathi iyimbobo ecijile (taper 1:12), efaniswa nejenali ecishiwe yeshafti eyinhloko. Iringi yangaphakathi inganyakaziswa nge-axially ukuze kwandiswe iringi yangaphakathi, ukuze imvume yokuthwala ingancishiswa noma iqiniswe ngaphambili nebheringi (isimo sokuvuma esinegetive). Amabhere anamabhore angama-cylindrical ngokuvamile afakwa ngokushisa, kusetshenziswa ukulingana kokuphazanyiswa ukuze kuncishiswe imvume yokuthwala, noma ukuqinisa kusengaphambili ukuthwala. Kumabhere ochungechunge e-NNU49 anendandatho yangaphakathi ehlukanisekayo, umzila womjaho ngokuvamile ucutshungulwa ngemva kokuba iringi yangaphakathi ifakwe i-shaft eyinhloko ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokujikeleza kwe-shaft eyinhloko.